Pancreatitis is an inflammatory process in the pancreas. The outflow of bile is disturbed, as a result, the gland's enzymes do not penetrate into the duodenum and remain in it. The pancreas gradually begins to collapse, which even threatens death.
Every year, this type of disease is diagnosed in more and more people. Pathology even occurs in adolescents. There are many reasons for the development of pancreatitis, from alcohol abuse, being overweight, to gallstone disease. Therefore, it is very important to follow a diet during illness.
The importance of enzymes in the digestion of food
For normal digestion of food, the pancreatic juice produced by the pancreas is required. In addition, the juice protects against the harmful effects of hydrochloric acid. It contains enzymes that break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. If this does not happen, most of the food received does not provide any benefit to the body.
The juice contains 4 enzymes. They stand out in 3 stages, the activation of which occurs approximately in the first 30-60 minutes after eating. Then there is a gradual decrease in activity and literally in 3-4 hours everything returns to the initial level. If there are problems with the pancreas, then the activation of enzymes occurs too early, as a result of which an inflammatory process or pancreatitis begins.
Fatty foods, consequences of abuse
Fats are found in all foods, including fruits, although in trace amounts. But most of the fat is in the bacon and lard. For example, 70 g of butter covers the daily dose of fat that the body needs per day. It is clear that no one will limit themselves to a couple of pieces of bacon a day.
Some products have hidden surprises. For example, "Doctor's" sausage contains 40% fat, although it is considered dietary. These products include popcorn, sauces, yogurts, and ready meals.
Nutritionists advise consuming no more than 1 g of fat per 1 kg of human weight. If the norm is not observed, obesity begins, which adversely affects absolutely all human organs, including the pancreas. Scientists have also been able to establish that fatty foods excite the brain's pleasure center, and as a result, even if a person stops consuming fat, they cannot get enough ordinary food.
Ways to get rid of pain
Pancreatitis is associated with hypochondrial pain. It starts after eating. This can be accompanied by weakness, belching, nausea, and even stool disturbance. The first step, if an attack has started, is to take antispasmodic medications, if you know which ones. If the attack is severe, it is better to call the doctors.
After those two days, it is best to stay in bed for 2 days. Ice can be applied to the hypochondrium. Until the attack passes, you should not eat, just drink water, which should be warm.
If there is vomiting, it is better to vomit, it will immediately be much easier. It is better to breathe shallowly, holding your breath periodically.
How long does the diet for pancreatitis last?
The pancreatitis diet has no clear timing. It all depends on the condition of the patient, how quickly he recovers. In the chronic form, a person usually has to carefully monitor his diet for at least 1. 5 years.
Approved Products
In order not to damage the pancreas and "help" it to fulfill its functions more quickly, the following foods must be present in the diet:
- soups with noodles and vegetables;
- yesterday's bread;
- baked or boiled fish;
- steamed meat, in the form of rolls, mashed potatoes, pâtés and cutlets;
- croutons;
- cooked and baked vegetables;
- dairy and fermented dairy products, but with a low percentage of fat;
- cereals;
- tortilla;
- pasta;
- a small amount of butter and vegetable oil;
- unsweetened baked fruit;
- jelly;
- gelatin and compotes.
However, such a limited set of products will not always be on the diet; gradually, as it improves, the number of products expands.
Limited or partially limited products
Unfortunately, the list of forbidden foods for this type of disease is quite impressive. Invalid consumption:
- cabbage;
- okroshka;
- jams;
- broths made from meat, fish and mushrooms;
- beet;
- margarine;
- canned food;
- fatty meats and fish;
- offal;
- sausages;
- any fried food;
- lard;
- apples;
- hard boiled eggs;
- caviar;
- legumes;
- barley, corn and millet porridge;
- banned vegetables that cause flatulence and contain a lot of dietary fiber, such as radishes and cabbage;
- chocolate;
- bread and fresh baked goods;
- spicy dishes;
- citrus fruits.
Can't drink coffee, cocoa, strong tea. It is undesirable to drink juices. Strictly prohibited carbonated drinks
Diet for chronic pancreatitis
The purpose of dietary nutrition in the presence of pancreatitis is to alleviate the inflammatory process and restore normal function of the gland. In the chronic form, food must enter the body every 2-3 hours. You need to drink a lot of water, up to 3 liters. Before eating, it is recommended to drink a glass of clean warm non-carbonated water for about 20 minutes.
It is unacceptable to drink alcoholic beverages. You should minimize the amount of sugar and salt in your diet. You cannot overeat or ingest food. It is better to grind all products thoroughly. Dishes should be at room temperature.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
After 2-3 days of fasting, a light diet should be followed. The menu can be structured as follows:
- 3 days after relieving the symptoms of an attack, introduce weak tea, without sugar;
- on the fifth day, you can already eat mashed carrots or potatoes;
- from the seventh day, fish is allowed, but not fried or shellfish;
- milk and curd puddings have been introduced since day 10.
Light soups and beef are allowed for 7-10 days. However, they are administered with care, depending on the state of health. If unpleasant symptoms appear after use, they are immediately removed from the diet.
Many doctors advise drinking oatmeal gelatin, from 3 or 4 days. It is low in calories, but at the same time very satisfying. The drink allows you to normalize the stool and eliminate toxins.
Diet for pancreatitis in children
In fact, the diagnosis of pancreatitis is extremely rare in childhood. But more often you may face "reactive pancreatitis. "These are temporary pancreas problems associated with poor nutrition.
The issue is usually resolved in just a couple of weeks. However, during this period, you will need to keep the child on a strict diet.
All products containing chemical additives, flavors or dyes are clearly displayed. There are no trips to public catering establishments or harmful fast food.
However, fermented and salty foods, broths, natural sausages, cakes, pastries and even ice cream are allowed. But they should not be familiar to the child and can be used after the symptoms of "reactive pancreatitis" are gone.
Therapeutic diet Table number 5 n list of products
This diet is recommended for chronic pancreatitis, gout, cholecystitis, and a number of other diseases. The main goal of diet number 5p is to restore normal function of the pancreas, liver and gallbladder.
Table 5p provides a rational approach to the amount of protein and carbohydrates. However, the fat is almost completely reduced to zero. The menu should not contain foods that contain cholesterol, oxalic acid, purines, essential oils, fats. Salt also decreases in quantity.
It is recommended to drink warm water on an empty stomach. The food should be well chopped, eat in small portions. No alcohol. You need to eat an average of 5 times during the day.
The energy value of the menu must not exceed 2800 kcal. Drug therapy should not be stopped during the diet.
Sample diet menu for pancreatitis for a week
You can create a menu for the week as follows:
Monday
| Breakfast | Omelette and black bread, a cup of tea |
| Appetizer | Cheese and crackers |
| Lunch | Stewed zucchini and buckwheat porridge |
| Appetizer | Crushed apples |
| Dinner | Oatmeal, carrot puree |
Tuesday
| Breakfast | Low-fat grated cheese, tea |
| Appetizer | Fruit jelly |
| Lunch | Vegetable soup, bread, some boiled meat |
| Appetizer | Carrot puree |
| Dinner | Boiled chicken, vegetable stew |
Wednesday
| Breakfast | Low-fat yogurt and apple |
| Appetizer | Some cottage cheese |
| Lunch | Soup-puree, boiled crucian carp |
| Appetizer | Croutons, dried apricots |
| Dinner | Curd and rice pudding, baked meat |
Thursday
| Breakfast | Omelette, slice of bread |
| Appetizer | Raisins |
| Lunch | Green bean stew, chicken stew |
| Appetizer | Baked apples |
| Dinner | Steamed chicken and rice |
Friday
| Breakfast | Pumpkin puree |
| Appetizer | Dried apricots |
| Lunch | Light soup, boiled fish |
| Appetizer | Choice of baked fruits |
| Dinner | Casserole |
Saturday
| Breakfast | Bread, tortilla |
| Appetizer | Curd |
| Lunch | Lentil soup, boiled beef |
| Appetizer | Fruit jelly |
| Dinner | Buckwheat porridge, boiled chicken |
Sunday
| Breakfast | Boiled beetroot, croutons |
| Appetizer | Baked pumpkin, pasta without sauce |
| Lunch | Boiled potatoes, beef stew |
| Appetizer | Oatmeal jelly |
| Dinner | Rice pudding, chicken |
Before going to bed, you can drink a glass of kefir. And those who like sweets can even afford a couple of milk caramels.
You should always strictly follow your doctor's recommendations. Even after hospital discharge, it is necessary to follow a diet for the specified time to improve the quality of one's life and avoid relapses. And to prevent the development of the disease, you need to monitor your own diet from an early age.